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On this day October 22

2014


Michael Zehaf-Bibeau attacks the Parliament of Canada in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, killing a soldier and injuring three other people.

2013


The Australian Capital Territory becomes the first Australian jurisdiction to legalize same-sex marriage with the Marriage Equality (Same Sex) Act 2013

2008


India launches its first unmanned lunar mission Chandrayaan-1.

2007


Raid on Anuradhapura Air Force Base is carried out by 21 Tamil Tiger commandos. All except one died in this attack. Eight Sri Lanka Air Force planes are destroyed and 10 damaged.

2006


A Panama Canal expansion proposal is approved by 77.8% of voters in a National referendum held in Panama.

2005


Tropical Storm Alpha forms in the Atlantic Basin, making the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season the most active Atlantic hurricane season on record with 22 named storms.

2001


Grand Theft Auto III was released, popularizing a genre of open-world, action-adventure video games as well as spurring controversy around violence in video games.

1999


Maurice Papon, an official in the Vichy France government during World War II, is jailed for crimes against humanity.

1983


Two correctional officers are killed by inmates at the United States Penitentiary in Marion, Illinois. The incident inspires the Supermax model of prisons.

1981


The founding congress of the Nepal Workers and Peasants Organization faction led by Hareram Sharma and D. P. Singh begins.

1981


The United States Federal Labor Relations Authority votes to decertify the Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization (PATCO) for its strike the previous August.

1978


Papal inauguration of Pope John Paul II.

1976


Red Dye No. 4 is banned by the US Food and Drug Administration after it is discovered that it causes tumors in the bladders of dogs.

1975


The Soviet unmanned space mission Venera 9 lands on Venus.

1972


Vietnam War: In Saigon, Henry Kissinger and South Vietnamese President Nguyễn Văn Thiệu meet to discuss a proposed cease-fire that had been worked out between Americans and North Vietnamese in Paris.

1968


Apollo program: Apollo 7 safely splashes down in the Atlantic Ocean after orbiting the Earth 163 times.

1966


The Soviet Union launches Luna 12.

1966


The Supremes become the first all-female music group to attain a No. 1 selling album (The Supremes A' Go-Go).

1964


Canada: A Multi-Party Parliamentary Committee selects the design which becomes the new official flag of Canada.

1964


Jean-Paul Sartre is awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, but turns down the honor.

1963


A BAC One-Eleven prototype airliner crashes in UK with the loss of all on board.

1962


Cuban Missile Crisis: US President John F. Kennedy, after internal counsel from Dwight D. Eisenhower, announces that American reconnaissance planes have discovered Soviet nuclear weapons in Cuba, and that he has ordered a naval "quarantine" of the Communist nation.

1957


Vietnam War: First United States casualties in Vietnam.

1947


Kashmir conflict starts, a territorial conflict primarily between India and Pakistan, having started just after the partition of India in 1947.

1946


Soviet Operation Osoaviakhim takes place, recruiting of thousands of military-related technical specialists from the Soviet occupation zone of post-World-War-II Germany for employment in the Soviet Union.

1943


World War II: in the Second firestorm raid on Germany, the Royal Air Force conducts an air raid on the town of Kassel, killing 10,000 and rendering 150,000 homeless.

1941


World War II: French resistance member Guy Môquet and 29 other hostages are executed by the Germans in retaliation for the death of a German officer.

1934


In East Liverpool, Ohio, Federal Bureau of Investigation agents shoot and kill notorious bank robber Pretty Boy Floyd.

1928


Phi Sigma Alpha fraternity is founded at the University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus.

1927


Nikola Tesla introduces six new inventions including single-phase electric power.

1923


The royalist Leonardopoulos-Gargalidis coup d'état attempt fails in Greece, discrediting the monarchy and paving the way for the establishment of the Second Hellenic Republic.

1910


Dr. Crippen is convicted at the Old Bailey of poisoning his wife and is subsequently hanged at Pentonville Prison in London.

1907


Panic of 1907: A run on the stock of the Knickerbocker Trust Company sets events in motion that will lead to a depression.

1895


In Paris an express train derails after overrunning the buffer stop, crossing almost 30 metres (100 ft) of concourse before crashing through a wall and falling 10 metres (33 ft) to the road below.

1884


The Royal Observatory in Britain is adopted as the prime meridian of longitude by the International Meridian Conference.

1883


The Metropolitan Opera House in New York City opens with a performance of Gounod's Faust.

1879


Using a filament of carbonized thread, Thomas Edison tests the first practical electric incandescent light bulb (it lasted 13½ hours before burning out).

1878


The first rugby match under floodlights takes place in Salford, between Broughton and Swinton.

1877


The Blantyre mining disaster in Scotland kills 207 miners.

1875


First telegraphic connection in Argentina.

1866


A plebiscite ratifies the annexion of Veneto and Mantua to Italy, which had occurred three days before, on October 19.

1859


Spain declares war on Morocco.

1844


The Great Anticipation: Millerites, followers of William Miller, anticipate the end of the world in conjunction with the Second Advent of Christ. The following day became known as the Great Disappointment.

1836


Sam Houston is inaugurated as the first President of the Republic of Texas.

1797


André-Jacques Garnerin makes the first recorded parachute jump from one thousand meters (3,200 feet) above Paris.

1790


Warriors of the Miami people under Chief Little Turtle defeat United States troops under General Josiah Harmar at the site of present-day Fort Wayne, Indiana, in the Northwest Indian War.

1784


Russia founds a colony on Kodiak Island, Alaska.

1777


American Revolutionary War: American defenders of Fort Mercer on the Delaware River repulse repeated Hessian attacks in the Battle of Red Bank.

1746


The College of New Jersey (later renamed Princeton University) receives its charter.

1730


Construction of the Ladoga Canal is completed.

1707


Scilly naval disaster: Four British naval vessels run aground on the Isles of Scilly because of faulty navigation. In response, the first Longitude Act is enacted in 1714.

1633


Battle of Liaoluo Bay: The Ming dynasty defeats the Dutch East India Company.

1575


Foundation of Aguascalientes.

1383


The 1383-85 Crisis in Portugal: King Fernando dies without a male heir to the Portuguese throne, sparking a period of civil war and disorder.

906


Ahmad ibn Kayghalagh leads a raid against the Byzantine Empire from Tarsus. He reaches the Halys River and takes 4,000-5,000 captives.[1]

794


Emperor Kanmu relocates the Japanese capital to Heian-kyō (now Kyoto).

451


The Council of Chalcedon adopts the Chalcedonian Creed regarding the divine and human nature of Jesus Christ.

362


The temple of Apollo at Daphne, outside Antioch, is destroyed in a mysterious fire.

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