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On this day June 30

2015


A Hercules C-130 military aircraft with 113 people on board crashes in a residential area in Medan, Indonesia, resulting in at least 116 deaths.

2013


Protests begin around Egypt against President Mohamed Morsi and the ruling Freedom and Justice Party, leading to their overthrow during the 2013 Egyptian coup d'état

2013


Nineteen firefighters die controlling a wildfire in Yarnell, Arizona.

1997


The United Kingdom transfers sovereignty over Hong Kong to China.

1990


East Germany and West Germany merge their economies.

1986


The U.S. Supreme Court rules in Bowers v. Hardwick that states can outlaw homosexual acts between consenting adults.

1985


Thirty-nine American hostages from the hijacked TWA Flight 847 are freed in Beirut after being held for 17 days.

1977


The Southeast Asia Treaty Organization disbands.

1974


The Baltimore municipal strike of 1974 begins.

1972


The first leap second is added to the UTC time system.

1971


The crew of the Soviet Soyuz 11 spacecraft are killed when their air supply escapes through a faulty valve.

1968


Pope Paul VI issues the Credo of the People of God.

1966


The National Organization for Women, the United States' largest feminist organization, is founded.

1963


Ciaculli bombing: a car bomb, intended for Mafia boss Salvatore Greco, kills seven police officers and military personnel near Palermo.

1960


Belgian Congo gains independence as Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville).

1959


A United States Air Force F-100 Super Sabre from Kadena Air Base, Okinawa, crashes into a nearby elementary school, killing 11 students plus six residents from the local neighborhood.

1956


A TWA Super Constellation and a United Airlines DC-7 collide above the Grand Canyon in Arizona and crash, killing all 128 on board both airliners.

1953


The first Chevrolet Corvette rolls off the assembly line in Flint, Michigan.

1944


World War II: The Battle of Cherbourg ends with the fall of the strategically valuable port to American forces.

1937


The world's first emergency telephone number, 999, is introduced in London.

1936


Emperor Haile Selassie of Abyssinia appeals for aid to the League of Nations against Italy's invasion of his country.

1934


The Night of the Long Knives, Adolf Hitler's violent purge of his political rivals in Germany, takes place.

1922


In Washington D.C., U.S. Secretary of State Charles Evans Hughes and Dominican Ambassador Francisco J. Peynado sign the Hughes-Peynado agreement, which ends the United States occupation of the Dominican Republic.

1921


U.S. President Warren G. Harding appoints former President William Howard Taft Chief Justice of the United States.

1912


The Regina Cyclone, Canada's deadliest tornado event, kills 28 people in Regina, Saskatchewan

1908


The Tunguska Event, the largest impact event on Earth in human recorded history, resulting in a massive explosion over Eastern Siberia.

1906


The United States Congress passes the Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug Act.

1905


Albert Einstein sends the article On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies, in which he introduces special relativity, for publication in Annalen der Physik.

1892


The Homestead Strike begins near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

1886


The first transcontinental train trip across Canada departs from Montreal. It arrives in Port Moody, British Columbia on July 4.

1882


Charles J. Guiteau is hanged in Washington, D.C. for the assassination of U.S. President James Garfield.

1864


U.S. President Abraham Lincoln grants Yosemite Valley to California for "public use, resort and recreation".

1860


The 1860 Oxford evolution debate at the Oxford University Museum of Natural History takes place.

1859


French acrobat Charles Blondin crosses Niagara Falls on a tightrope.

1805


The U.S. Congress organizes the Michigan Territory.

1794


Native American forces under Blue Jacket attack Fort Recovery.

1758


Seven Years' War: The Battle of Domstadtl takes place.

1688


The Immortal Seven issue the Invitation to William (continuing the English rebellion from Rome), which would culminate in the Glorious Revolution.

1651


The Deluge: Khmelnytsky Uprising: The Battle of Berestechko ends with a Polish victory.

1559


King Henry II of France is mortally wounded in a jousting match against Gabriel, comte de Montgomery.

1521


Spanish forces defeat a combined French and Navarrese army at the Battle of Noáin during the Spanish conquest of Iberian Navarre.

1520


Spanish conquistadors led by Hernán Cortés fight their way out of Tenochtitlan.

1422


Battle of Arbedo between the duke of Milan and the Swiss cantons.

763


The Byzantine army of emperor Constantine V defeats the Bulgarian forces in the Battle of Anchialus.

350


Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, is defeated and killed in Rome by troops of the usurper Magnentius.

296


Pope Marcellinus begins his papacy.

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