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On this day December 20

2013


China successfully launches the Bolivian Túpac Katari 1 from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center.

2007


The Portrait of Suzanne Bloch (1904), by the Spanish artist Pablo Picasso, and O Lavrador de Café by Brazilian modernist painter Cândido Portinari, are stolen from the São Paulo Museum of Art.

2007


Elizabeth II becomes the oldest monarch of the United Kingdom, surpassing Queen Victoria, who lived for 81 years, 7 months and 29 days.

2004


A gang of thieves steal £26.5 million worth of currency from the Donegall Square West headquarters of Northern Bank in Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom, one of the largest bank robberies in British history.

1999


Macau is handed over to China by Portugal.

1995


American Airlines Flight 965, a Boeing 757, crashes into a mountain 50 km north of Cali, Colombia killing 159.

1995


NATO begins peacekeeping in Bosnia.

1991


A Missouri court sentences the Palestinian militant Zein Isa and his wife Maria to death for the honor killing of their daughter Palestina.

1989


The United States invasion of Panama deposes Manuel Noriega.

1987


In the worst peacetime sea disaster, the passenger ferry Doña Paz sinks after colliding with the oil tanker Vector in the Tablas Strait in the Philippines, killing an estimated 4,000 people (1,749 official).

1985


Pope John Paul II announces the institution of World Youth Day.

1984


The Summit Tunnel fire is the largest underground fire in history, as a freight train carrying over 1 million liters of gasoline derails near the town of Todmorden, England, in the Pennines.

1973


The Prime Minister of Spain, Admiral Luis Carrero Blanco, is assassinated by a car bomb attack in Madrid.

1971


The international aid organization Doctors Without Borders is founded by Bernard Kouchner and a group of journalists in Paris, France.

1968


The Zodiac Killer kills Betty Lou Jenson and David Faraday in Vallejo, California.

1967


A Pennsylvania Railroad Budd Metroliner exceeds 155 mph on their New York Division, also present day Amtrak's Northeast Corridor.

1957


The initial production version of the Boeing 707 makes its first flight.

1955


Cardiff is proclaimed the capital city of Wales, United Kingdom.

1952


A United States Air Force C-124 crashes and burns in Moses Lake, Washington killing 87.

1951


The EBR-1 in Arco, Idaho becomes the first nuclear power plant to generate electricity. The electricity powered four light bulbs.

1946


The popular Christmas film It's a Wonderful Life is first released in New York City.

1942


World War II: Japanese air forces bomb Calcutta, India.

1941


World War II: First battle of the American Volunteer Group, better known as the "Flying Tigers" in Kunming, China.

1924


Adolf Hitler is released from Landsberg Prison

1917


Cheka, the first Soviet secret police force, is founded.

1916


World War I: The battle of Verdun results in a French victory after more than 9 months of intense fighting.

1915


World War I: The last Australian troops are evacuated from Gallipoli.

1860


South Carolina becomes the first state to attempt to secede from the United States.

1832


HMS Clio under the command of Captain Onslow arrives at Port Egmont under orders to take possession of the Falkland Islands

1808


Peninsular War: The Siege of Zaragoza begins.

1803


The Louisiana Purchase is completed at a ceremony in New Orleans.

1606


The Virginia Company loads three ships with settlers and sets sail to establish Jamestown, Virginia, the first permanent English settlement in the Americas.

1522


Siege of Rhodes: Suleiman the Magnificent accepts the surrender of the surviving Knights of Rhodes, who are allowed to evacuate. They eventually settle on Malta and become known as the Knights of Malta.

1334


Pope Benedict XII is elected.

1192


Richard I of England is captured and imprisoned by Leopold V of Austria on his way home to England after the Third Crusade.

217


Callixtus I is elected as the sixteenth pope, although Hippolytus of Rome is soon thereafter elected as a rival pope.

AD 69


Vespasian, formerly a general under Nero, enters Rome to claim the title of Emperor.

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