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At least 26 Chinese miners are killed and 21 missing after a blast in the Xiaojiawan coal mine, located at Panzhihua, Sichuan Province.
Hurricane Katrina devastates much of the U.S. Gulf Coast from Louisiana to the Florida Panhandle, killing an estimated 1,836 people and causing over $108 billion in damage.
Ayatollah Sayed Mohammed Baqir al-Hakim, the Shia Muslim leader in Iraq, is assassinated in a terrorist bombing, along with nearly 100 worshippers as they leave a mosque in Najaf.
At least 98 villagers are killed by the Armed Islamic Group of Algeria GIA in the Rais massacre, Algeria.
Vnukovo Airlines Flight 2801, a Tupolev Tu-154, crashes into a mountain on the Arctic island of Spitsbergen, killing all 141 aboard.
Libero Grassi, an Italian businessman from Palermo, is killed by the Sicilian Mafia after taking a solitary stand against their extortion demands.
Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union suspends all activities of the Soviet Communist Party.
The synthetic chemical element Meitnerium, atomic number 109, is first synthesized at the Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung in Darmstadt, Germany.
Chicano Moratorium against the Vietnam War, East Los Angeles, California. Police riot kills three people, including journalist Rubén Salazar.
Leading Egyptian thinker Sayyid Qutb is executed for plotting the assassination of President Gamal Abdel Nasser.
The Beatles perform their last concert before paying fans at Candlestick Park in San Francisco.
United States Air Force Academy opens in Colorado Springs, Colorado.
Korean War: British troops arrive in Korea to bolster the US presence there.
Soviet atomic bomb project: The Soviet Union tests its first atomic bomb, known as First Lightning or Joe 1, at Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan.
World War II: Slovak National Uprising takes place as 60,000 Slovak troops turn against the Nazis.
World War II: German-occupied Denmark scuttles most of its navy; Germany dissolves the Danish government.
World War II: Tallinn, the capital of Estonia, is occupied by Nazi Germany following an occupation by the Soviet Union.
The last 36 remaining inhabitants of St Kilda are voluntarily evacuated to other parts of Scotland.
World War I: Bapaume taken by the New Zealand Division in the Hundred Days Offensive.
US Navy salvage divers raise F-4, the first U.S. submarine sunk in an accident.
World War I: Start of the Battle of St. Quentin in which the French Fifth Army counter-attacked the invading Germans at Saint-Quentin, Aisne.
Ishi, considered the last Native American to make contact with European Americans, emerges from the wilderness of northeastern California.
The Japan-Korea Treaty of 1910, also known as the Japan-Korea Annexation Treaty, becomes effective, officially starting the period of Japanese rule in Korea.
The Slava, the last of the five Borodino-class battleships, is launched.
Gottlieb Daimler patents the world's first internal combustion motorcycle, the Reitwagen.
Emperor Meiji orders the abolition of the han system and the establishment of prefectures as local centers of administration. (Traditional Japanese date: July 14, 1871).
The Mount Washington Cog Railway opens, making it the world's first mountain-climbing rack railway.
American Civil War: The Battle of Hatteras Inlet Batteries gives Federal forces control of Pamlico Sound.
British troops under Sir Arthur Wellesley defeat a Danish militia outside Copenhagen in the Battle of Køge.
Shays' Rebellion, an armed uprising of Massachusetts farmers, begins in response to high debt and tax burdens.
American Revolutionary War: British and American forces battle indecisively at the Battle of Rhode Island.
The Treaty of Easton establishes the first American Indian reservation, at Indian Mills, New Jersey, for the Lenape.
Frederick the Great attacks Saxony, beginning the Seven Years' War in Europe.
The city of Nuuk in Greenland is founded as the fort of Godt-Haab by the royal governor Claus Paarss.
The Ottoman Turks capture Buda, the capital of the Hungarian Kingdom.
Battle of Mohács: The Ottoman Turks led by Suleiman the Magnificent defeat and kill the last Jagiellonian king of Hungary and Bohemia.
Vasco da Gama decides to depart Calicut and return to Kingdom of Portugal.
The Treaty of Picquigny ends a brief war between the kingdoms of France and England.
Battle of Winchelsea (or Les Espagnols sur Mer): The English naval fleet under King Edward III defeats a Castilian fleet of 40 ships.
Battle of Montecatini: The army of the Republic of Pisa, commanded by Uguccione della Faggiuola, wins a decisive victory against the joint forces of the Kingdom of Naples and the Republic of Florence despite being outnumbered.
Copper coins are minted in Japan for the first time (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 708).
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