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On this day August 20

2016


54 people are killed when a suicide bomber detonates himself at a Kurdish wedding party in Gaziantep, Turkey.

2014


Seventy-two people are killed in Japan's Hiroshima Prefecture by a series of landslides caused by a month's worth of rain that fell in one day.

2012


A prison riot in the Venezuelan capital, Caracas, kills at least 20 people.

2008


Spanair Flight 5022, from Madrid, Spain to Gran Canaria, skids off the runway and crashes at Barajas Airport. Of the 172 people on board, 146 die immediately, and eight more later die of injuries sustained in the crash.

2007


China Airlines Flight 120 caught fire and exploded after landing at Naha Airport in Okinawa, Japan.

2006


Sri Lankan Civil War: Sri Lankan Tamil politician and former MP S. Sivamaharajah is shot dead at his home in Tellippalai.

2002


A group of Iraqis opposed to the regime of Saddam Hussein take over the Iraqi Embassy in Berlin, Germany for five hours before releasing their hostages and surrendering.

1998


U.S. embassy bombings: The United States launches cruise missile attacks against alleged al-Qaeda camps in Afghanistan and a suspected chemical weapons plant in Sudan in retaliation for the August 7 bombings of American embassies in Kenya and Tanzania.

1998


The Supreme Court of Canada rules that Quebec cannot legally secede from Canada without the federal government's approval.

1997


Souhane massacre in Algeria; over 60 people are killed and 15 kidnapped.

1995


The Firozabad rail disaster claimed 358 lives in Firozabad, India.

1993


After rounds of secret negotiations in Norway, the Oslo Accords are signed, followed by a public ceremony in Washington, D.C. the following month.

1991


Estonia, annexed by the Soviet Union in 1940, issues a decision on the re-establishment of independence on the basis of historical continuity of its pre-World War II statehood.

1991


Dissolution of the Soviet Union, August Coup: More than 100,000 people rally outside the Soviet Union's parliament building protesting the coup aiming to depose President Mikhail Gorbachev.

1989


The pleasure boat Marchioness sinks on the River Thames following a collision. Fifty-one people are killed.

1988


The Troubles: Eight British soldiers are killed and 28 wounded when their bus is hit by an IRA roadside bomb in Ballygawley, County Tyrone.

1988


Iran-Iraq War: A ceasefire is agreed after almost eight years of war.

1988


"Black Saturday" of the Yellowstone fire in Yellowstone National Park

1986


In Edmond, Oklahoma, U.S. Postal employee Patrick Sherrill guns down 14 of his co-workers and then commits suicide.

1977


Voyager program: NASA launches the Voyager 2 spacecraft.

1975


Viking program: NASA launches the Viking 1 planetary probe toward Mars.

1968


Soviet Union-dominated Warsaw Pact troops invade Czechoslovakia, crushing the Prague Spring.

1962


The NS Savannah, the world's first nuclear-powered civilian ship, embarks on its maiden voyage.

1960


Senegal breaks from the Mali Federation, declaring its independence.

1955


Battle of Philippeville: In Morocco, a force of Berbers from the Atlas Mountains region of Algeria raid two rural settlements and kill 77 French nationals.

1950


Korean War: United Nations repel an offensive by North Korean divisions attempting to cross the Nakdong River and assault the city of Taegu.

1944


World War II: The Battle of Romania begins with a major Soviet Union offensive.

1944


World War II: 168 captured allied airmen, including Phil Lamason, accused by the Gestapo of being "terror fliers", arrive at Buchenwald concentration camp.

1940


World War II: British Prime Minister Winston Churchill makes the fourth of his famous wartime speeches, containing the line "Never was so much owed by so many to so few".

1940


In Mexico City, Mexico exiled Russian revolutionary Leon Trotsky is fatally wounded with an ice axe by Ramón Mercader. He dies the next day.

1938


Lou Gehrig hits his 23rd career grand slam, a record that stood for 75 years until it was broken by Alex Rodriguez.

1926


Japan's public broadcasting company, Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai (NHK) is established.

1920


The National Football League is organized as the American Professional Football Conference in Canton, Ohio

1920


The first commercial radio station, 8MK (now WWJ), begins operations in Detroit.

1914


World War I: Brussels is captured during the German invasion of Belgium.

1910


The Great Fire of 1910 (also commonly referred to as the "Big Blowup" or the "Big Burn") occurs in northeast Washington, northern Idaho (the panhandle), and western Montana, burning approximately 3 million acres (12,000 km2).

1905


Sun Yat-sen, Chinese revolutionary, forms the first chapter of T'ung Meng Hui, a union of all secret societies determined to bringing down the Manchus.

1882


Tchaikovsky's 1812 Overture debuts in Moscow, Russia.

1866


President Andrew Johnson formally declares the American Civil War over.

1858


Charles Darwin first publishes his theory of evolution through natural selection in The Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London, alongside Alfred Russel Wallace's same theory.

1852


Steamboat Atlantic sank on Lake Erie after a collision, with the loss of at least 150 lives.

1794


Battle of Fallen Timbers: American troops force a confederacy of Shawnee, Mingo, Delaware, Wyandot, Miami, Ottawa, Chippewa, and Potawatomi warriors into a disorganized retreat.

1775


The Spanish establish the Presidio San Augustin del Tucson in the town that became Tucson, Arizona.

1710


War of the Spanish Succession: A multinational army led by the Austrian commander Guido Starhemberg defeats the Spanish-Bourbon army commanded by Alexandre Maître, Marquis de Bay in the Battle of Saragossa.

1707


The first Siege of Pensacola comes to end with the failure of the British to capture Pensacola, Florida.

1672


Former Grand Pensionary Johan de Witt and his brother Cornelis are brutally murdered by an angry mob in The Hague.

1648


Battle of Lens: French Duc d'Enghien defeats Spaniards

1519


Philosopher and general Wang Yangming defeats Zhu Chenhao, ending the Prince of Ning rebellion against the reign of the Ming dynasty's Zhengde Emperor.

1467


The Second Battle of Olmedo takes places as part of a succession conflict between Henry IV of Castile and his half-brother Alfonso, Prince of Asturias.

1391


Konrad von Wallenrode becomes the 24th Grand Master of the Teutonic Order.

1308


Pope Clement V pardons Jacques de Molay, the last Grand Master of the Knights Templar, absolving him of charges of heresy.

1191


Richard I of England initiates the Massacre at Ayyadieh, leaving 2,600-3,000 Muslim hostages dead.

1083


Canonization of the first King of Hungary, Saint Stephen and his son Saint Emeric.

1000


The foundation of the Hungarian state by Saint Stephen, celebrated as a National Day in Hungary.

917


Battle of Acheloos: Tsar Simeon I of Bulgaria decisively defeats a Byzantine army.

636


Battle of Yarmouk: Arab forces led by Khalid ibn al-Walid take control of the Levant away from the Byzantine Empire, marking the first great wave of Muslim conquests and the rapid advance of Islam outside Arabia.

AD 14


Agrippa Postumus, adopted son of the late Roman emperor Augustus, is executed by his guards under mysterious circumstances while in exile.

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