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On this day April 19

2013


Boston Marathon bombing suspect Tamerlan Tsarnaev is killed in a shootout with police. His brother Dzhokhar is later captured hiding in a boat inside a backyard in the suburb of Watertown.

2011


Fidel Castro resigns as First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba after holding the title since July 1961.

2005


Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger is elected to the papacy and becomes Pope Benedict XVI.

1999


The German Bundestag returns to Berlin.

1997


The 1997 Red River flood overwhelms the city of Grand Forks, North Dakota. Fire breaks out and spreads in downtown Grand Forks, but high water levels hamper efforts to reach the fire, leading to the destruction of 11 buildings.

1995


Oklahoma City bombing: The Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, USA, is bombed, killing 168 people including 19 children under the age of 6.

1993


The 51-day FBI siege of the Branch Davidian building in Waco, Texas, USA, ends when a fire breaks out. 76 Davidians including 18 children under the age of 10 died in the fire.

1989


A gun turret explodes on the USS Iowa, killing 47 sailors.

1987


The Simpsons first appear as a series of shorts on The Tracey Ullman Show, first starting with Good Night.

1985


Two hundred ATF and FBI agents lay siege to the compound of the white supremacist survivalist group The Covenant, The Sword, and the Arm of the Lord in Arkansas; the CSA surrenders two days later.

1984


Advance Australia Fair is proclaimed as Australia's national anthem, and green and gold as the national colours.

1975


India's first satellite Aryabhata launched in orbit from Kapustin Yar, Russia.

1973


The Portuguese Socialist Party is founded in the German town of Bad Münstereifel.

1971


Charles Manson is sentenced to death (later commuted to life imprisonment) for conspiracy in the Tate-LaBianca murders.

1971


Launch of Salyut 1, the first space station.

1971


Sierra Leone becomes a republic, and Siaka Stevens the president.

1960


Students in South Korea hold a nationwide pro-democracy protest against president Syngman Rhee, eventually forcing him to resign.

1956


Actress Grace Kelly marries Prince Rainier of Monaco.

1943


World War II: In Poland, the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising begins, after German troops enter the Warsaw Ghetto to round up the remaining Jews.

1942


World War II: In Poland, the Majdan-Tatarski ghetto is established, situated between the Lublin Ghetto and a Majdanek subcamp.

1927


Mae West is sentenced to ten days in jail for obscenity for her play Sex.

1903


The Kishinev pogrom in Kishinev (Bessarabia) begins, forcing tens of thousands of Jews to later seek refuge in Palestine and the Western world.

1861


American Civil War: Baltimore riot of 1861: A pro-Secession mob in Baltimore attacks United States Army troops marching through the city.

1839


The Treaty of London establishes Belgium as a kingdom and guarantees its neutrality.

1810


Venezuela achieves home rule: Vicente Emparán, Governor of the Captaincy General is removed by the people of Caracas and a junta is installed.

1809


An Austrian corps is defeated by the forces of the Duchy of Warsaw in the Battle of Raszyn, part of the struggles of the Fifth Coalition. On the same day the Austrian main army is defeated by a First French Empire Corps led by Louis-Nicolas Davout at the Battle of Teugen-Hausen in Bavaria, part of a four-day campaign that ended in a French victory.

1782


John Adams secures the Dutch Republic's recognition of the United States as an independent government. The house which he had purchased in The Hague, Netherlands becomes the first American embassy.

1775


American Revolutionary War: The war begins with an American victory in Concord during the battles of Lexington and Concord.

1770


Marie Antoinette marries Louis XVI of France in a proxy wedding.

1770


Captain James Cook, still holding the rank of lieutenant, sights the eastern coast of what is now Australia.

1713


With no living male heirs, Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor, issues the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713 to ensure that Habsburg lands and the Austrian throne would be inherited by his daughter, Maria Theresa (not actually born until 1717).

1677


The French army captures the town of Cambrai held by Spanish troops.

1608


In Ireland: O'Doherty's Rebellion is launched by the Burning of Derry

1539


Treaty of Frankfurt signed

1529


Beginning of the Protestant Reformation: After the Second Diet of Speyer bans Lutheranism, a group of rulers (German: Fürst) and independent cities protests the reinstatement of the Edict of Worms.

1506


The Lisbon Massacre begins, in which accused Jews are being slaughtered by Portuguese Catholics.

1012


Martyrdom of Ælfheah in Greenwich, England.

797


Empress Irene organizes a conspiracy against her son, the Byzantine emperor Constantine VI. He is deposed and blinded. Shortly after, Constantine dies of his wounds; Irene proclaims herself basileus.

531


Battle of Callinicum: A Byzantine army under Belisarius is defeated by the Persians at Raqqa (northern Syria).

AD 65


The freedman Milichus betrays Piso's plot to kill the Emperor Nero and all the conspirators are arrested.

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