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On this day April 09

2017


Palm Sunday church bombings at Coptic Churches in Tanta and Alexandria take place.

2014


A student stabs 20 people at Franklin Regional High School in Murrysville, Pennsylvania.

2013


At least 13 people are killed and another three injured after a man goes on a spree shooting in the Serbian village of Velika Ivanča.

2013


A 6.1-magnitude earthquake strikes Iran killing 32 people and injuring over 850 people.

2009


In Tbilisi, Georgia, up to 60,000 people protest against the government of Mikheil Saakashvili.

2005


Charles, Prince of Wales marries Camilla Parker Bowles in a civil ceremony at Windsor's Guildhall.

2003


Iraq War: Baghdad falls to American forces; Iraqis turn on symbols of their former leader Saddam Hussein, pulling down a grand statue of him and tearing it to pieces.

1999


Kosovo War: The Battle of Košare begins.

1992


A U.S. Federal Court finds former Panamanian dictator Manuel Noriega guilty of drug and racketeering charges. He is sentenced to 30 years in prison.

1991


Georgia declares independence from the Soviet Union

1989


Tbilisi massacre: an anti-Soviet peaceful demonstration and hunger strike in Tbilisi, demanding restoration of Georgian independence, is dispersed by the Soviet Army, resulting in 20 deaths and hundreds of injuries.

1981


The U.S. Navy nuclear submarine USS George Washington accidentally collides with the Nissho Maru, a Japanese cargo ship, sinking it.

1980


The Iraqi regime of Saddam Hussein kills philosopher Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr and his sister Bint al-Huda after three days of torture.

1976


The EMD F40PH diesel locomotive enters revenue service with Amtrak.

1975


The first game of the Philippine Basketball Association, the second oldest professional basketball league in the world.

1969


The first British-built Concorde 002 makes its maiden flight from Filton to RAF Fairford.

1967


The first Boeing 737 (a 100 series) makes its maiden flight.

1965


Astrodome opens. First indoor baseball game is played.

1961


The Pacific Electric Railway in Los Angeles, once the largest electric railway in the world, ends operations.

1960


Dr Hendrik Verwoerd, Prime Minister of South Africa and architect of apartheid, narrowly survives an assassination attempt by a white farmer, David Pratt in Johannesburg.

1959


Project Mercury: NASA announces the selection of the United States' first seven astronauts, whom the news media quickly dub the "Mercury Seven".

1957


The Suez Canal in Egypt is cleared and opens to shipping.

1952


Hugo Ballivián's government is overthrown by the Bolivian National Revolution, starting a period of agrarian reform, universal suffrage and the nationalization of tin mines

1948


Fighters from the Irgun and Lehi Zionist paramilitary groups attacked Deir Yassin near Jerusalem, killing over 100.

1948


Jorge Eliécer Gaitán's assassination provokes a violent riot in Bogotá (the Bogotazo), and a further ten years of violence in Colombia.

1947


The Journey of Reconciliation, the first interracial Freedom Ride begins through the upper South in violation of Jim Crow laws. The riders wanted enforcement of the United States Supreme Court's 1946 Irene Morgan decision that banned racial segregation in interstate travel.

1947


The Glazier-Higgins-Woodward tornadoes kill 181 and injure 970 in Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas.

1945


The United States Atomic Energy Commission is formed.

1945


World War II: The Battle of Königsberg, in East Prussia, ends.

1945


World War II: The German pocket battleship Admiral Scheer is sunk by the Royal Air Force

1945


Execution of Dietrich Bonhoeffer, anti-Nazi dissident and spy, by the Nazi regime.

1942


World War II: The Battle of Bataan/Bataan Death March: United States forces surrender on the Bataan Peninsula. The Japanese Navy launches an air raid on Trincomalee in Ceylon (Sri Lanka); Royal Navy aircraft carrier HMS Hermes and Royal Australian Navy Destroyer HMAS Vampire are sunk off the island's east coast.

1940


Vidkun Quisling seizes power in Norway.

1940


World War II: Operation Weserübung: Germany invades Denmark and Norway.

1939


Marian Anderson sings at the Lincoln Memorial, after being denied the right to sing at the Daughters of the American Revolution's Constitution Hall.

1937


The Kamikaze arrives at Croydon Airport in London. It is the first Japanese-built aircraft to fly to Europe.

1918


The National Council of Bessarabia proclaims union with the Kingdom of Romania.

1918


World War I: The Battle of the Lys: The Portuguese Expeditionary Corps is crushed by the German forces during what is called the Spring Offensive on the Belgian region of Flanders.

1917


World War I: The Battle of Arras: The battle begins with Canadian Corps executing a massive assault on Vimy Ridge.

1916


World War I: The Battle of Verdun: German forces launch their third offensive of the battle.

1914


Mexican Revolution: One of the world's first naval/air skirmishes takes place off the coast of western Mexico.

1909


The U.S. Congress passes the Payne-Aldrich Tariff Act.

1865


American Civil War: Robert E. Lee surrenders the Army of Northern Virginia (26,765 troops) to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia, effectively ending the war.

1860


On his phonautograph machine, Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville makes the oldest known recording of an audible human voice.

1782


American War of Independence: Battle of the Saintes begins.

1682


Robert Cavelier de La Salle discovers the mouth of the Mississippi River, claims it for France and names it Louisiana.

1609


Philip III of Spain issues the decree of the "Expulsion of the Moriscos".

1609


Eighty Years' War: Spain and the Dutch Republic sign the Treaty of Antwerp to initiate twelve years of truce.

1585


The expedition organised by Sir Walter Raleigh departs England for Roanoke Island (now in North Carolina) to establish the Roanoke Colony.

1511


St John's College, Cambridge, England, founded by Lady Margaret Beaufort, receives its charter.

1454


The Treaty of Lodi is signed, establishing a balance of power among northern Italian city-states for almost 50 years.

1440


Christopher of Bavaria is appointed King of Denmark.

1413


Henry V is crowned King of England.

1388


Despite being outnumbered 16 to 1, forces of the Old Swiss Confederacy are victorious over the Archduchy of Austria in the Battle of Näfels.

1288


Mongol invasions of Vietnam: Yuan forces are defeated by Trần forces in the Battle of Bach Dang in present-day northern Vietnam.

1241


Battle of Liegnitz: Mongol forces defeat the Polish and German armies.

537


Siege of Rome: The Byzantine general Belisarius receives his promised reinforcements, 1,600 cavalry, mostly of Hunnic or Slavic origin and expert bowmen. He starts, despite shortages, raids against the Gothic camps and Vitiges is forced into a stalemate.

475


Byzantine Emperor Basiliscus issues a circular letter (Enkyklikon) to the bishops of his empire, supporting the Monophysite christological position.

190


Dong Zhuo has his troops evacuate the capital Luoyang and burn it to the ground.

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